A Barbary Macaque (Macaca sylvanus) by the Upper Rock Nature Reserve in Gibraltar. Although the species is commonly referred to as the “Barbary Ape”, it is in fact a monkey. The Barbary Macaque population in Gibraltar is the last in the whole of the European continent. A popular belief holds that as long as Barbary Macaques exist on Gibraltar, the territory will remain under British rule. (Photo by RedCoat via EOL.org.)